In Adler's theory, which term describes persistent feelings of inadequacy that drive behavior?

• A. superiority complex
• B. basic anxiety
• C. inferiority complex
• D. social interest

Answer: (C)

Persistent feelings of inadequacy that drive behavior are described as an inferiority complex in Adler's theory. Adler believed that early experiences of inferiority motivate people to strive for mastery and significance. When these feelings are persistent and overwhelming, they can shape a person’s motivation and behavior in ways that reflect chronic insecurity and a sense of being unable to measure up. This is different from a superiority complex, which is a defensive exaggeration of self-importance used to cover up feelings of inferiority. Basic anxiety is a Jungian term about insecurity and isolation in a hostile world, not Adler’s concept. Social interest refers to a healthy orientation toward others and the community, reflecting cooperative striving rather than a reaction to inadequacy.